149. Cmp 零页X寻址

添加 CMP zero-page,X 操作码 ``0xD5``。

第 149 / 356 · tests/chapter_01_cpu/test_149_CMP_zero_page_x.py

此步骤存在的原因

变址零页 CMP 支持紧凑的表查找,并确认在读取比较值之前,加 X 的运算会在零页内回绕。

在此步骤中,仅以第 146-148 课为基础,请在 `emulator/cpu/opcodes.py` 中准确添加以下内容:

def cmp_zero_page_x(cpu: CPU):
    addr = zero_page_x(cpu)
    value = cpu.bus.read(addr)
    cmp(cpu, value)

OPCODE_TABLE = {
    ...
    0xD5: cmp_zero_page_x,
}

`addressing_modes.zero_page_x 在总线读取之前计算 (operand + X) & 0xFF`。 C/Z/N 可能改变;A、Overflow、X、Y 和内存保持不变;操作码加操作数使 PC 前进两个字节。

常见误解:索引越过 `$FF` 时并不会进位到第一页;它会在零页内回绕。超出范围:绝对寻址 CMP 从第 150 课开始,其变址与间接变体推迟到第 151-154 课。

运行本课

uv run pytest tests/chapter_01_cpu/test_149_CMP_zero_page_x.py -v

示例实现

此步骤存在的原因

def cmp_zero_page_x(cpu: CPU):
    addr = zero_page_x(cpu)
    value = cpu.bus.read(addr)
    cmp(cpu, value)

OPCODE_TABLE = {
    ...
    0xD5: cmp_zero_page_x,
}

查看测试代码test_149_CMP_zero_page_x.py

import inspect

from emulator.bus.cpu_bus import CpuBus
from emulator.cpu import opcodes
from emulator.cpu.cpu import CPU
from emulator.memory.fake_rom import FakeROM


CARRY_FLAG = 1 << 0


def make_cpu_with_rom():
    rom = FakeROM()
    rom.write(0x7FFC, 0x00)
    rom.write(0x7FFD, 0x80)
    bus = CpuBus(program_rom=rom)
    return CPU(bus), bus, rom


def test_cmp_zero_page_x_handler_exists_and_is_in_opcode_table():
    """Objective: create cmp_zero_page_x(cpu) and add 0xD5 to OPCODE_TABLE."""
    assert hasattr(opcodes, "cmp_zero_page_x")
    assert callable(opcodes.cmp_zero_page_x)
    assert list(inspect.signature(opcodes.cmp_zero_page_x).parameters) == ["cpu"]
    assert opcodes.OPCODE_TABLE[0xD5] is opcodes.cmp_zero_page_x


def test_opcode_D5_cmp_zero_page_x_reads_indexed_memory_value():
    """Objective: D5 20 with X=0x04 compares A with RAM[$0024]."""
    cpu, bus, rom = make_cpu_with_rom()
    rom.write(0x0000, 0xD5)
    rom.write(0x0001, 0x20)
    bus.write(0x0024, 0x10)

    cpu.reset()
    cpu.x = 0x04
    cpu.a = 0x20
    cpu.step()

    assert (cpu.p & CARRY_FLAG) != 0
    assert cpu.pc == 0x8002


def test_opcode_D5_cmp_zero_page_x_wraps_zero_page_address():
    """Objective: base=0xFE and X=0x03 reads RAM[$0001]."""
    cpu, bus, rom = make_cpu_with_rom()
    rom.write(0x0000, 0xD5)
    rom.write(0x0001, 0xFE)
    bus.write(0x0001, 0x10)

    cpu.reset()
    cpu.x = 0x03
    cpu.a = 0x20
    cpu.step()

    assert (cpu.p & CARRY_FLAG) != 0
    assert cpu.pc == 0x8002

测试函数 (3)

test_cmp_zero_page_x_handler_exists_and_is_in_opcode_table
test_opcode_D5_cmp_zero_page_x_reads_indexed_memory_value
test_opcode_D5_cmp_zero_page_x_wraps_zero_page_address